peters



Y (Model.)

vJ. A. MBLL. Wrench.

No. 228,827. Patented June 15,1880.

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N PErERs. PHOTOMYHQGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D c.

UNITED STATES i ATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. MELL, OF MOLINE, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF OF HIS RIGHT TO CHARLES ALFRED OHAPPELL, OF SAME PLAGE.

'\ V WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 228,827, dated June 15, 1880.

Application filed April 9, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. MELL, of Moline, in the county of Allegan and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches; Vand I do hereby declare that the following is a full,`

ratchet-wrench. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional View of the same. Fig. 8 is a side view, showing a drill in position to be operated by the wrench; and Figs. 4 and 5 are views of nuts or dies adapted to be used with my improved wrench.

Corresponding parts in the several gures are denoted by like letters of reference.

This invention relates to that class of wrenches which are provided with a rotating head having a circumferential series of ratchets engaging a spring-pawl pivoted upon the handle; and it consists in certain improvements in the construction of the same, which will be hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the drawings, A represents the handle, which is provided at its lower end with a circular opening or eye, B, forming a bearing for the rotating head O, which is provided with flanges D D, to hold it in place. 'Said head is constructed of two separate pieces, C O2, connected by bolts or rivets G3, this construction being necessary in order to adjust it properly in place in the eye B of handle A.

One of the flanges D is provided with a circumferential series of notches 'or ratchets, E, the sides of which are equally inclined .in both directions, so as to be capable of engaging either end of a double pawl, F, pivoted centrally upon the handle, just above the head.

The lever or pawl F is provided with an arm, G, extending in an opposite direction from its ends or points, and provided with a notch, H, to receive the end of a iiat spring, I, pivoted upon the handle A, as shown. By shifting the position of the said spring and adjusting its upper end or handle upon either side of a stud, J, formed upon handle A, the position of the (Model.)

pawl F may be changed so as to cause either end thereof to engage the ratchet of the head, which may thus be rotated in either direction at will.

Upon opposite sides of the head G are formed differently-sized recesses K L, to adapt the 6o wrench to operate upon nuts of different sizes. Between thelarger and smaller recess the metal is upset to form a narrow iiange, M, the object of whichis to prevent a nut fitted in the small recess from droppin gthrough into the large one. 6 5

In Fig. 3 of the drawings I have'shown how my invention may be used to operate a drill.

N is the drill stock or shaft, provided at its lower end with a recess or chuck to hold the drill. 7o

Upon the stock N is formed a nut, O, adapted to t in either recess of the wrench-head, which may be fitted upon it and used to operate the drill, to feed which any suitable mechanism may be employed. 75

To enable my improved wrench to be used for nuts of different sizes and shapes I provide a s'et of dies, P, iitted to the recesses in the wrench-head, and provided with recesses of such sizes and shapes as may be re- 8o quired. The said dies are provided with re cesses Q, in which a flat spring, R, is secured, the function of which is to press against the side ofthe recess in the wrench-head, and hold the die in position with sufficient security 8 5 for all practical purposes.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings hereto annexed, the operation and advantages of my improved wrench will be readily understood. Itis sim- 9o plein construction, durable, and easily handled.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- The combination of the handle A, rotating head C, having a circumferential series of notches, E, double pawl F, having notched arm G, pivoted spring I, and a stud formed upon handle A, to retain said spring in any position to which it may be adjusted, as set roo forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

'JAMES A. MELL.

Witnesses:

FRANCIS A. KOUGH, WEsLEY WARTENBE. 

